Category: English

Music is the art of arranging sounds in time through the elements of melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre. It is one of the universal cultural aspects of all human societies. General definitions of music include common elements such as pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the “color” of a musical sound). Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements. Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.

MUSICAL GENRES

The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context. Indeed, throughout history, some new forms or styles of music have been criticized as “not being music”, including Beethoven’s Grosse Fuge string quartet in 1825,early jazz in the beginning of the 1900s and hardcore punk in the 1980s. There are many types of music, including popular music, traditional music, art music, music written for religious ceremonies, and work songs such as chanteys. Music ranges from strictly organized compositions—such as Classical music symphonies from the 1700s and 1800s- through to spontaneously played improvisational music such as jazz, and avant-garde styles of chance-based contemporary music from the 20th and 21st centuries.

Music can be divided into genres (e.g., country music) and genres can be further divided into subgenres (e.g., alternative country and country pop are two of the many country subgenres), although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle, sometimes open to personal interpretation, and occasionally controversial. For example, it can be hard to draw the line between some early 1980s hard rock and heavy metal. Within the arts, music may be classified as a performing art, a fine art, or as an auditory art. Music may be played or sung and heard live at a rock concert or orchestra performance, heard live as part of a dramatic work (a music theater show or opera), or it may be recorded and listened to on a radio, MP3 player, CD player, smartphone or as film score or TV show.

MUSICAL IMPROVISATION

Musical improvisation is the creation of spontaneous music, often within (or based on) a pre-existing harmonic framework or chord progression. Improvisers use the notes of the chord, various scales that are associated with each chord, and chromatic ornaments and passing tones which may be neither chord tones nor from the typical scales associated with a chord. Musical improvisation can be done with or without preparation. Improvisation is a major part of some types of music, such as blues, jazz, and jazz fusion, in which instrumental performers improvise solos, melody lines, and accompaniment parts.

In the Western art music tradition, improvisation was an important skill during the Baroque era and during the Classical era. In the Baroque era, performers improvised ornaments, and basso continuo keyboard players improvised chord voicings based on figured bass notation. As well, the top soloists were expected to be able to improvise pieces such as preludes. In the Classical era, solo performers and singers improvised virtuoso cadenzas during concerts.

However, in the 20th and early 21st century, as “common practice” Western art music performance became institutionalized in symphony orchestras, opera houses, and ballets, improvisation has played a smaller role, as more and more music was notated in scores and parts for musicians to play. At the same time, some 20th and 21st century art music composers have increasingly included improvisation in their creative work. In Indian classical music, improvisation is a core component and an essential criterion of performances.

MY OPINION ABOUT MUSIC

I have loved listening to music since childhood․I went to opera and concerts and then I chose an instrument called the violin․I studied violin for seven years and received a graduation diploma․ I like jazz, rock, classical and retro (70s , 80s, 90s, 00s,) from the music genres․My favorite composers are Bach Mozart and Beethoven․I like listening to music when I’m painting or doing housework․

<<Music should strike fire from people’s hearts.>>

Ludwig van Beethoven.

BAKER

Professional bakers make bread, rolls, cakes, pies, cookies and other baked goods for commercial bakeries, restaurants, stores, schools and other businesses. Baking professionally involves taking inventory and ordering ingredients, measuring, mixing, cleaning equipment and developing new recipes. Professional bakers with several years of experience typically work autonomously or supervise others.

Required Education

Graduation from culinary school is one option for entering the field of professional baking, but it is not necessary. Many professional bakers start their careers as apprentices or assistants and receive on-the-job training at supermarkets, baked good manufacturers and other specialty bakeries. Professional bakers who work as pastry chefs at fine restaurants have typically graduated from culinary school. However, most bakers in commercial bakeries and supermarkets entered the field as apprentices without formal training. Professional bakers can increase their employment opportunities by earning certification as journey or master bakers, according to the Retail Bakers of America.

Skills Required

Baking requires careful measuring of ingredients and attention to detail. While cooking is an art, baking is a science, and bakers must be able to follow directions and recipes to the letter in order to produce a mouth-watering finished product. Professional bakers must have knowledge of safe sanitation practices and food handling techniques. Working as a professional baker requires being able to tolerate hot kitchens and work early mornings or at night.

Restaurant Cook

For those interested in preparing a wide variety of foods, such as entrees, soups, salads and desserts, a career as a cook might be desirable. Much faster than average job expansion of 23% was expected for restaurant cooks from 2019-2029, according to the BLS. In 2019, restaurant cooks earned an average of $28,700 per year, the BLS reported.

Food Preparation Worker

Most of these workers learn through on-the-job training and might move on to other cooking jobs with experience. They slice meats, peel vegetables, make coffee and prepare a variety of cold foods under the supervision of cooks and supervisors. The BLS predicted a 1% decline in employment from 2019-2029. Food preparation workers took home an average of $25,820 per year in 2019, per the BLS.